Ukunyuka kwexabiso le-POE kwakhona?

Njengenye yezinto ezisetyenziswa kakhulu ekuqiniseni, le ntshukumo ngokungathandabuzekiyo ibangela iintloko kwiinkampani zokuguqula. Amandla nokuqina zizibonakaliso ezimbini ezibalulekileyo zokusebenza koomatshini, ngoko ke ukuguqulwa kokuqina kweplastiki kube yindlela ephambili yokuguqulwa kweplastiki, kwaye kule mihla Amandla nokuqina zizibonakaliso ezimbini ezibalulekileyo zokusebenza koomatshini, ngoko ke ukuguqulwa kokuqina kweplastiki kube yindlela ephambili yokuguqulwa kweplastiki, kwaye kule mihla ngokongeza iarhente yokuqinisa iseyeyona ndlela ichanekileyo nesebenzayo yokuqinisa izinto.

Ngoko ke ukongeza ekusebenziseni i-elastomer toughening, zeziphi ezinye iindlela? Namhlanje ndikuthatha ukuze uhlele, ulungise i-toughening zeziphi izimvo ezinokwenzeka.

Ii-arhente zokuqinisa ezisetyenziswa rhoqo zingahlulwa zibe ziindidi ezimbini: ii-arhente zokuqinisa ezisebenzayo kunye nee-arhente zokuqinisa ezingasebenziyo. zezo zikhonkwane zeemolekyuli eziqulathe amaqela asebenzayo anokusabela kwi-matrix resin, enokwenza isakhiwo senethiwekhi kwaye yonyuse inxalenye yee-tougheners ezingasebenziyo ziludidi lwee-tougheners ezihambelana kakuhle ne-base resin, kodwa azithathi nxaxheba Ii-tougheners ezingasebenziyo ziludidi lwee-tougheners ezihambelana kakuhle ne-base resin, kodwa azithathi nxaxheba kwi-chemical reaction.

Izixhobo zokuqinisa i-Elastomeric

Phantse zonke izinto eziguquguqukayo zingasetyenziswa njengezinto zokuqinisa izinto ezibuthathaka, eyona nto iphambili kukuhambelana phakathi kwezinto ezinamanqanaba amaninzi, kuphela inkqubo yokuqinisa efanelekileyo yokufezekisa injongo yokuqinisa efunekayo, kwaye kungenjalo ayinamsebenzi. Ii-elastomeric tougheners ezisetyenziswa rhoqo zihlelwa ngokweqondo lazo eliphezulu okanye eliphantsi lokutshintsha kweglasi.

(1) I-resin enganyangekiyo kakhulu
Ezifana ne-chlorinated polyethylene (CPE), i-methyl methacrylate-butadiene-styrene copolymer (MBS), i-acrylate copolymer (ACR), i-styrene-butadiene block copolymer (SBS), i-hydrogenated SBS (SEBS), i-POE, i-EVA, njl.
(2) Irabha enganyangekiyo kakhulu
Ezifana nerabha ye-ethylene propylene (EPR), i-EPDM, i-NBR, i-NR, i-SBR, i-BR, i-CR, njl.
Ukongeza, ukuba i-TPU isetyenziswa njenge-arhente yokuqinisa i-PA66, amandla empembelelo angacacanga e-PA66/TPU composite aphucuka kakhulu, kwaye iimpawu zokuxinana ze-composite ziyancipha kancinci. Iimpawu zoomatshini zifikelela kwinqanaba eliphezulu xa inani elongeziweyo le-TPU liyi-5%. I-crystallinity yehle nge-50%, nto leyo ebonisa ukuba inkqubo inefuthe elicacileyo lokuqinisa i-PA66.

Uhlulo ngokwesakhiwo sangaphakathi se-elastomer.

(1) Udidi lwe-elastomer olumiselwe kwangaphambili
Ziipolymers ezakhiwe nge-core-shell, ezine-elastomer core ethambileyo kunye ne-polymer ene-glass transition temperature shell ephezulu. Ezifana ne-MBS, ACS, MABS, njl.
(2) Udidi lwe-elastomer olungamiselwanga kwangaphambili
Yi-polymer ecocekileyo, kwaye ukuguqulwa kwempembelelo yayo kuguqulwa yindlela yokusebenza kwe-solvent, efana ne-CPE, i-EVA, njl.njl.
(3) Udidi lwe-elastomer yenguqu

Ulwakhiwo luphakathi kwe-elastomer emiselweyo nengamiselwanga kwangaphambili, efana ne-ABS, njl.

Izinto eziqinileyo eziqinileyo

Izinto zokubopha eziqinileyo ezingaphiliyo (i-RIF), ikakhulu izizalisi ezingaphiliyo kakhulu kunye nezizalisi ezikhethekileyo.

I-Ultra-fine inorganic filler ibhekisa kubungakanani be-particle phakathi kwe-0.1-5μm, isiphumo sokuguqulwa kwe-filler enjalo kunye nokwanda kokongeza kwe-filler, inkqubo yokuxuba amandla okuxinana kunye namandla empembelelo iyancipha kakuhle, ingatshintshanga okanye inyuswe kancinci, ngelixa ezinye iipropati ziqhubeka nokunyuka.

Izizalisi ezikhethekileyo ziquka ii-super fibers (CF), izizalisi zeenaliti/i-sphere, iityuwa zesinyithi ze-alkaline kunye neeminerali zomhlaba ezingaqhelekanga, njl.

Ii-Superfiber ezifana nee-carbon fibers, ii-boron fibers, ii-quartz fibers, ii-organic fibers, ii-carbon nanotubes kunye nee-whiskers ezahlukeneyo. Ukusasazwa kwee-superfibers kwii-polymers kufuneka kwenziwe ngeendlela ezithile nezijolise kuzo.

Isithambisi esifana nenaliti esifana ne-wollastonite, esinefuthe elithile lokuqinisa.

Ngokubanzi, iphathwa nge-silane coupling agent okanye i-compound coupling agent imizuzu eli-10-15 kwi-50-80℃, kwaye ubungakanani bokongeza bucetyiswa yi-10-15%. I-wollastonite ngaphandle konyango ayinayo impembelelo yokuqina.
Izizalisi ezingqukuva ziquka ii-microspheres zeglasi, ii-microspheres zeglasi ezingenanto, ii-wollastonite beads, ii-plastic beads, ii-ceramic beads, njl.

Iityuwa zesinyithi zomhlaba ze-alkaline ziquka ikakhulu i-barium sulfate, isixa sokuzalisa sibanzi, amandla empembelelo yezinto zokuzalisa anamanqanaba ahlukeneyo okuphucula, xa kongezwa malunga ne-60%, amandla empembelelo afikelela kwincopho.
Iiminerali ze-Rare-earth ikakhulu zii-rare-earth oxides, ii-alkyl rare-earth compounds kunye neetyuwa ze-rare-earth, ezifana ne-rubidium oxide kunye ne-cerium fluoride. Indlela yokuqinisa iiminerali ze-rare earth idla ngokunxulumene ne-nucleation yazo, oko kukuthi ii-rare earths zisetyenziswa njengee-nucleating agents ukuphucula ulwakhiwo lwe-crystalline lwenkqubo yokuqinisa kunye nokufezekisa injongo yokuqinisa. Zisetyenziswa kakhulu ekuqiniseni ii-polymers ze-crystalline, ezifana ne-PP, i-PA, i-POM, njl.njl.

(2) Izinto eziqinileyo zendalo (ROF)
NjengePMMA, PP, PS, MMA/S kunye neSAN, njl. Ngomsebenzi ophindwe kabini wokuqinisa nokuqinisa, isiphumo sokuqinisa nokuqinisa siyafana.

Umgaqo wokuqinisa
Xa izinto zepolymer zithwaxwa kumthwalo xa izinto zonakele (zaphuka), ubukhulu bokuqina kwazo buxhomekeke kubukhulu bamandla empembelelo afunxwa zizinto kunye nokukwazi kwazo ukumelana nokwanda kweentanda. Ngoko ke izinto zokuqinisa kunye ne-matrix zidlala njani indima ekuqiniseni iipolymers?

1. Indlela yokuqinisa i-elastomer

I-Elastomer ifunxa amandla ngokuthe ngqo, xa isampuli ichaphazelekile iya kuvelisa imifantu emincinci, xa amasuntswana erabha kuwo omabini amacango omfantu, umfantu oza kuphuhliswa kufuneka wolule inkqubo yokuguqulwa kwerabha ukuze kufunxwe amandla amaninzi, ngaloo ndlela wonyusa amandla empembelelo yeplastiki.

2. Ithiyori yokuvelisa isivuno

Irabha eyomeleleyo yeplastiki enempembelelo ephezulu ibangelwa kukuguquguquka kwe-matrix resin yield, kwaye ukuguquguquka kwe-matrix resin yield kungenxa yokuba umlinganiselo wokwanda kobushushu kunye nomlinganiselo we-Poisson werabha mkhulu kuneplastiki, inqanaba lokuphola kwinkqubo yokubumba ukuncipha kobushushu kunye nenkqubo yokuguquguquka kokuncipha okunqamlezileyo koxinzelelo lwe-hydrostatic matrix ejikelezileyo, ukuze ivolumu ye-matrix resin free inyuke, inciphise ubushushu bayo bokutshintsha kweglasi, ivelise ukuguquguquka kweplastiki kwaye iphucule ubulukhuni. Kulula ukuvelisa ukuguquguquka kweplastiki kwaye kuphucule ubulukhuni. Kwelinye icala, oku kubangelwa yimpembelelo yoxinzelelo lwee-particles zerabha.

3. Ithiyori engundoqo yokuqhekeka

Iigranule zerabha zisebenza njengeendawo zoxinzelelo, zidala inani elikhulu leemifantu ezincinci endaweni yezimbalwa ezinkulu, kwaye kuthatha amandla amaninzi ukwandisa iimifantu ezincinci ezininzi kunokwandisa ezimbalwa ezinkulu. Kwangaxeshanye, iindawo zoxinzelelo zenani elikhulu leemifantu ezincinci ziyaphazamisana, zibuthathaka uxinzelelo oluphambili lophuhliso lweemifantu, nto leyo, ethintela uphuhliso lweemifantu kwaye ikhokelele ekuphelisweni kweemifantu.

4. Ithiyori yeepateni zesilivere ezininzi

Ngenxa yenani eliphezulu kakhulu lee-rubber particles kwiplastiki eqinileyo, inani elikhulu lee-stress concentrates libangela inani elikhulu leepateni zesilivere, ezinokuchitha amandla amaninzi. Ii-rubber particles nazo zi-silver stripe terminators, kwaye ii-particles ezincinci azinakuphelisa i-silver stripe.

5. Ithiyori yebhendi yokucheba imitya yesilivere

Le yingcamango ebalulekileyo eyamkelwa ngokubanzi kushishino. Uvavanyo oluninzi lubonise ukuba indlela yokwenza i-polymer deformation ineenkqubo ezimbini: enye yinkqubo yokuguqulwa kwe-shear kwaye enye yinkqubo ye-silver rippling. Inkqubo yokusika ibandakanya zombini i-diffuse shear yield deformation kunye nokwakheka kwee-local shear bands. I-shear deformation lutshintsho kuphela kwimo yento, amandla okubambisana phakathi kwee-molecules kunye noxinano lwento ayitshintshi ngokusisiseko. Inkqubo ye-silver striation, kwelinye icala, ibangela ukuba uxinano lwento lunciphe kakhulu. Kwelinye icala, kukho imingxunya emzimbeni we-silver grain, nto leyo ebonisa ukuba i-silver grainization ibangele umonakalo othile kwi-material, nto leyo ebangela umonakalo we-sub-microscopic fracture; kwelinye icala, i-silver grain idla amandla amaninzi kwinkqubo yokwakheka nokukhula, ethintela ukwanda kwee-cracks kwaye iphucule ukuqina kwe-material, enye yeendlela zomatshini zokuqinisa i-polymer. Ngoko ke, ukuqonda ngokuchanekileyo i-silver striation phenomenon yeyona nto iphambili ekuqondeni inkqubo yokuguqulwa nokwaphuka kwezinto zepolymer, kwaye yenye yezitshixo zokwenza uyilo lweeplastiki eziguqulweyo ezidityanisiweyo, ngakumbi iiplastiki eziqinileyo.

6. Ithiyori yeCavitation

Ithiyori ye-cavitation ibhekisa kwisimo se-cavitation ngaphakathi kwee-particles zerabha okanye kumaleko wojongano phakathi kwee-particles zerabha kunye ne-substrate phantsi kwesenzo soxinzelelo olunemilinganiselo emithathu kwinkqubo yobushushu obuphantsi okanye ukuguqulwa kwesantya esiphezulu. Ithiyori yokuba: iplastiki eguqulwe yirabha phantsi kwesenzo samandla angaphandle, ii-particles zerabha zesigaba sokusasazeka ngenxa yoxinzelelo, okubangela ukuba ujongano phakathi kwerabha kunye ne-matrix kunye nayo ngokwayo ivelise i-cavitation, xa ii-particles zerabha zifakwe i-cavitation, uxinzelelo lwe-hydrostatic tension olujikeleze irabha luyakhululwa, imeko yoxinzelelo lwe-ligament ye-matrix encinci phakathi kwe-cavities, ukusuka kwi-three-dimensional ukuya kwi-one-dimensional, kwaye uxinzelelo lwendiza lube luxinzelelo lweplane, kwaye le meko intsha yoxinzelelo ilungele ukwakheka kwebhendi ye-shear. Ke ngoko, i-cavitation ngokwayo ayinakuba lutshintsho oluqinileyo lwezinto; ikhokelela kuphela ekutshintsheni kwimeko yoxinzelelo lwezinto, okubangela ukubola kwe-shear, kuthintele ukwanda kwee-crack, kwaye kuphucule ukuqina kwezinto.